Ingrown toenails, a common foot condition, occur when the edge of a toenail grows into the surrounding skin, leading to pain, inflammation, and infection. While many cases of ingrown toenails can be managed with conservative treatments, there are instances where nail surgery becomes necessary for effective resolution. In this blog post, we'll explore the indications for nail surgery in treating ingrown toenails and provide insights into the surgical procedures involved.
Understanding Ingrown Toenails: Ingrown toenails typically occur when the toenail is curved or improperly trimmed, causing it to grow into the adjacent skin. Factors such as tight-fitting shoes, trauma, poor nail care habits, and genetic predisposition can increase the risk of developing ingrown toenails. Without proper management, ingrown toenails can lead to pain, infection, and chronic discomfort.
When is Nail Surgery Required? While conservative treatments such as soaking the foot in warm water, wearing open-toed shoes, and gently lifting the ingrown edge of the nail can provide temporary relief, nail surgery may be necessary in the following situations:
Recurrent or Chronic Ingrown Toenails: Individuals who experience recurrent episodes of ingrown toenails or have chronic ingrown toenails that do not respond to conservative treatments may benefit from nail surgery. Surgery can address the underlying nail deformity and prevent future occurrences.
Severe Infection or Abscess: If an ingrown toenail becomes infected or forms an abscess, prompt medical attention is necessary. In cases where the infection is severe or accompanied by significant pain, swelling, and drainage, nail surgery may be required to drain the abscess and remove the ingrown portion of the nail.
Structural Nail Deformities: Structural abnormalities of the toenail, such as excessive curvature (pincer nails) or thickening (onychogryphosis), may predispose individuals to recurrent ingrown toenails. Nail surgery can correct these deformities and alleviate pressure on the surrounding skin, reducing the risk of ingrown toenails.
Underlying Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes or peripheral vascular disease, can compromise blood flow to the feet and increase the risk of complications from ingrown toenails. In these cases, nail surgery may be recommended to prevent complications such as foot ulcers or infections.
Types of Nail Surgery: Nail surgery for ingrown toenails typically involves one of the following procedures:
Partial Nail Avulsion (PNA): This procedure involves removing the portion of the toenail that is ingrown or causing discomfort. After numbing the toe with a local anesthetic, the podiatrist or healthcare provider carefully lifts and trims the ingrown portion of the nail, ensuring proper nail regrowth.
Total Nail Avulsion (TNA): In cases of severe or recurrent ingrown toenails, total nail avulsion may be necessary. This procedure involves removing the entire toenail to allow for proper healing and regrowth. After the nail is removed, the nail bed is treated to prevent regrowth of ingrown nails.
Conclusion: Nail surgery is a safe and effective treatment option for individuals with persistent or severe ingrown toenails that do not respond to conservative measures. By addressing the underlying nail deformity and preventing future occurrences, nail surgery can provide long-term relief and improve foot health. If you're experiencing chronic ingrown toenails or complications from an ingrown toenail, consult with a podiatrist at Foot Foundation to determine if nail surgery is the right option for you.
